Scouring machine for washing fabrics of wool and its mixtures



March 1929- F. CASABLANCAS PLANELL 1,706,349

SCOURING MACHINE FOR WASHING'FABRICS OF WOOL AND ITS MIXTURES OriginalFiled April 16, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1,

' March 19, 1929. F. CASABLANCAS PLANELL 7 3 SCOURING MACHINE FORWASHING FABRICS OF WOOL AND ITS IIIXTURES Original Filed April 16, 19262 Sheets-Sheet 2 I E ,-2 D

q; 5 zmazza fawzz i1 44 WW Patented Mar. 19, 1929.

- rim-Iran STATES PA'IPENLT orrice.

rEa ANno-cAsABLANoAs PLAN-ELL, or SABAVDELL, srAI-N';

soo'irmne mealtimes-or. WASHING FABRICS-OE- woon Nn-irs vrixrunns. I

' origami application file'zF'April 16, 1926, Serial no. i thisapplicationfiled October cation SerialNo'. 102,508. The object of theinvention is to ensure uniform distributionfof the'pressures exercisedby the washingcylinders or rollers on the pieces to be washed, in thecase of more than two pieces in the directionof widthof the machineare'being simult'aneously washed; v

A further object of thisxinvention is to improve'the washing machinedisclosed-in my above referred'to' co pending application, by sopositioning the bearings for the upper roll ers that easy access may behad to them for the purposes of inspection, replacement, lubrication,etc. v

The usual scouring machinescomprise two cylinders or rollers, the lowerone of-which is mounted on bearings of fixed position, Whilst the'up perroller rests on the lower one and is mounted in swivel bearings which allow it to'take up a certain inclination in its vertical plane.Betweent-hese two rollers are caused'to pass twisted to the shape of" a"for two pieces in the direction of its width,

rope or ribbon the pieces of fabric to be washed. As long as only asingle plece, or

two pieces, one at the side of the other, are

caused to pass througli'the machine, thetop. roller always pressesproperly on the pieces of fabric to be washed, and in the case of twopieces passing, the. pressure of the tojp roller is evenly distributedbetween the two, even if one of the two pieces should be ofla greaterthicknessthan the other or only thicker along a portion of its length.Onthe contrary, when it is desired to'pass through the machinethree orfour pieces, side by side, the top cylinder or roller properly pressesonly ontwo of these pieces, whilst it presses on the remaining one ortwo a faulty manner, sothat the pressure of" the roller is no longerevenly distributed over all the pieces, with the result that the washingis faulty.

This invention consists substantially in dividing the top roller intotwo parts arranged in' line with each other and each mounted in such amanner as to enable it to assume in its vertical planethe inclinationrequired in order to "exercise a proper pressure on the pieces. In thisway, it is possible to pass under each of the two toprolle'rs two10,2;508', and-fin, Spain April 21,1925. Divided and 29", 1927. SerialNo. 229,737;

pieces of fabric," and" the roller will exercise a'uniform pressure onboth, 111 such a manner that four pieces can'be washed in the machinewith the same perfection as if only two were beingwashedl v I Aconstruction of a scouring machine with the improvements forming thesubject of this invention, is shown in the accompanying I drawings. 7

Figure 1' shows diagrammatically the arrangement of an ordinary machineforwashmgsimultanenouslytwo pieces. I Figure 2"shows, alsodiagrammatically, the

arrangement of an ordinary machine for washingsimultanenously fourpieces.

Figure 3.shows, also diagrammatically, the

arrangement of a machine for washing four pieces at the same time,"builtinaccordance withthis-invention. i Figure 4 is a side elevation of amachine built in accordance with this invention.

Figure 5is a horizontalsection of the same machine on'line V-V ofFigure4-.

vFigure 6'is a vertical* sect-ion of the same machine on line'V'IVI ofFigure 4:. Y

3 The normal or standard washing machine comprises,-seeiFigure' 1,chiefly two rollers, thebottomone 1 and the top roller 2. The

former has the ourn'als working in-two bearings secured tothe bed of themachine,and the second one, 2', hasthem workingin two special journals,the construction of. which, allowst'he roller to oscillate, its axisremaininginthevertical plane passing through the same. This figureshows, without requiring any further explanation, how even in thecas'eof two pieces' fl and i-2 of unequalthickness, the pr'ess'iire dueto the weight of the roller 2, added to that which eventually could beexercised on its bearings, is distributed among the two pieces whichcome between the'roller 2 andtlie-ro'ller 1, but the pressure on thepieces never ceases at any moment as long asthe rollers are notexcessively worn The standard machinesfor washing three orfour piecesinthe direction of width, see FigureQ; do not show any materialdifierence from the preceding onefexcept as regards the width of therollers 1 and 2. Itisshown in" this figurethafi of" the four pieceswhich are being washed:- 4'1, 42,43 and {4,111 all the-places? wheretheir thickness is not the same, two of them, for instance ll and a3,have no pressure acting on them, and only 42 and 44 are exposed topressure, the result of which is a faulty washin I Figure 3 shows thescouring machine for four pieces with the improvements according to thisinvention. is supported, like in a standard machine, in two bearingssecured to the bed of the machine, whilst the top roller is divided inthe centre and forms two rollers 2, 2 entirely independent of eachother. Each of these rollers 2 rests on the corresponding portion of thebottom roller 1, with interposition of the pieces of fabric to bewashed, and to that end these rollers are mounted in such a manner thattheir spindle can oscillate or swing in the vertical plane so as toensure that they shall always rest or press on the pieces of fabric. Inthis way is obtained a reliable distribution of the pressure on thepieces to be washed, similarly to the case of Figure 1, but with theadvantage that four piecescan bewashed at the same time in an absolutelyperfect manner.

The method of mounting these top rollers 2 so as to ensure theirproperly pressing on the pieces of fabric to be washed, may varyaccording to individual cases; one preferred arrangement according tothis invention consists in mounting the spindle of each of the tworollers 2 on brackets or supports arranged at one and the same side ofthe ma- '-chine so as to enable the roller to execute the necessarymovements.

Figures 4 to 6 show this method of con struction. In the same, thebottom roller 1 is supported in bearings 3 secured to the frame of themachine in the usual manner,

and generally speaking, the whole construction of the machine is theusual one, with the exception of the top rollers 2 and of the mechanismfor guiding these rollers. This guide mechanism is constituted by afixed horizontal bar 5 arranged approximately level with the spindle 10of the top roller 2 and in front of the said roller. This bar secured tothe bed by means of brackets 4, f and projects outwards at both sides ofthe bed. To the said projecting portions 5 are 7 pivoted two arms 6, 6which extend horizontally rear-wards. These arms are also hollow in thisportion, and in their interior are pivoted pins 7, 7 which aremadein onepiece with the lower part of the bearings 71, 72.

The bottom roller 1 could have spherical seats in place of cylindricalones, which would ensure better ad-. justmentof the bearings to theoscillations of the journal.

One of these two bearings, 71, must be with fixed journal so as toprevent the spindle 10 in order that with the swivel movement of thearms 6, (3 relatively to the bar 5 secured to the bed.

It will be clear from the preceding description that the spindle 10whichis that of the top roller 2, is completely free to move in itsvertical plane so that it can adjust itself to the differences inthickness ofthe pieces held between the rollers 2 and 1. These rollerswhich are usually made of strong wood such as oak, mahogany, .etc., aresecured to their spindles which are driven in tight and are square orround and by means of safety keys or wedges combined with soft ironrings and introduced hot into recesses provided forthe purpose in thefront faces of therollers. In Figures 5 and 6 this arrangement is notshown, but it does not differ substantially from that described, withthe exception that the spindle 10 is secured to the roller 2 by means ofa sleeve 11 of cast iron, the ob ect of which 18 to add to the weight ofthe roller 2 so as to ensure a stronger pressure.

\Vith the same object, the arms 6 corre sponding to the outsidebearings, are extended to the front of the machine, forming an arm 17which can be provided with a balance weight 18 the position of which canbe adusted on the arm 17, and the inner arms 6' are extended rearwardsby an arm 15 which pro jects from the base of the bearing, is rigidlysecured to it and can receive a sliding weight '16. These two weights 16and 18, on their size and position being duly combined, balance theweight of the outer bearings and also increase the pressureof the,roller 2 on the roller 1.

In spite of the guide mechanism being free from any in iportant.stresses owing to its being able to follow the movements of the rollers2, but for the purpose of reducing these stresses to a minimum, theupper rollers 2 are arranged somewhat in front of the roller 1 (in amanner known per se) in order that the tendency of the former to slideon the latter towards the front port-ion of the machine, should balancethe strain which the bottom roller 1 produces on the top rollers 2 whenthe machine is working in order to Overcome Ell) the torque of therollers 2 which play the part of driven rollers. This arrangement can bethe advantage that the two bearings upon which rest the axle of eachupper cylinder are readily accessible, and may also be quite easilylubricated. The present arrangementalso facilitates inspection and careof these hearings and in certain cases it is lnoresatisfactory than thearrangement of the machine disclosed in the parent application.

Moreover to these machines with the improvement forming the subject ofthis invention are applicable any otners that are generally applied tomachines with an undivided top roller, such as knocking off motion forpreventing the pieces from being damaged when they get entangled witheach other, protective covers, and the like.

I claim 1. In a scouring machine for washing fabrics of wool and itsmixtures, a lower roller which revolves upon'bearings fixed to the frameof the machine, two upper rollers running loose the one in prolongationof the other and which rest upon the lower roller, an axle fixed to eachone of these upper rollers and which is extended towards the outside ofthe machine and two bearings in which rests and revolves the extensionof the said axle, these hearings being mounted upon the frame of themachine in such a way that the axle of the roller may move freely in itsvertical plane so that the roller shall adapt itself conveniently to thepieces of fabric which are being washed.

2. In a scouring machine for Washing woolen fabric, a roller, bearingsfor said roller supported by the frame of the machine, a pair ofrollerssuperimposed upon the first roller and adapted in conjunctionwith the first roller to have pieces of fabric pass therebetween, anaxle for each of the pair of rollers, said axles having prolongationsextending beyond the frame of the machine, a pair of bearings mounted oneach side of the frame of the machine for the axles of the pair ofrollers, each pair of bearings being yieldably mounted upon the framebeyond the sides thereof to admit the movement of the axles and rollerstoward and from the lower roller and to admit of easy access to thebearings.

3. In a scouring machine for washing fabrics, a roller mounted on'theframe of the machine, a pair of rollers superimposed upon the firstroller, an axle for each of the last mentioned rollers, said axleshaving prolongations extending outwardly of the sides of the frame ofthe machine, a pair of bearings mounted on each side of the frame forreceiving the prolongations of the axles and supporting, the latter,said bearings being yieldably mounted on the frame to admit yielding ofthe axles and rollers thereon to accommodate materialof variousticknesses between said first roller and said pair of rollers.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

' FERNANDO CASABLANCAS PLANELL.

